Evaluation of the Level of Digital Transformation in MSMEs Using Fuzzy Cognitive Maps Based on Experts

Abstract

The concept of digital transformation involves exploiting digital technologies to generate new ways of doing things in organizations, including the creation of new processes, models, and services that produce value based on the digitization of data and processes. The application of digital technologies enables organizations to develop capabilities for innovation, automation, etc., utilizing both established and emerging technologies, including the widespread use of artificial intelligence. In this paper is proposed the implementation of a fuzzy cognitive map based on experts for the evaluation of the level of digital transformation in MSMEs (Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises). The main variables of digital transformation used to define our fuzzy cognitive map were classified into five types: i) Organization and Culture variables related to strategies, way of working, and ecosystems, ii) Customer variables related to services and digital channels and products, iii) Operations and Internal Processes variables related to supply chain, suppliers, business model, iv) Information Technologies variables related to innovation, digitization, data and analytic. Finally, the fifth type of variable is the target, which indicates the level of digital transformation of the organization. Our model managed to specify with 99.4% the level of digital transformation of the organization. Thus, our fuzzy cognitive map can predict and analyze the factors associated with digital transformation in MSMEs.