Lightweight Indoor Localization for 60-GHz Millimeter Wave Systems

Abstract

In this paper, we target single-anchor localization schemes for millimeter wave (MMW) systems. The schemes are designed to be lightweight, so that even computationally constrained devices can support them. We identify the main propagation properties of MMW signals that have an impact on localization and design three algorithms that exploit these, namely a triangulation validation procedure, an angle difference of arrival approach, and a scheme based on location fingerprinting. We evaluate the algorithms by means of simulations, and draw conclusions on their robustness. We then validate our results via measurements involving commercial pre-standard 60- GHz MMW hardware. Our experiments confirm that, by relying only on a single anchor and without requiring complex signal processing at the receiver, the algorithms can localize a node with high probability, and in many cases with sub-meter accuracy. We conclude by discussing how these algorithms complement each other in terms of robustness and localization success probability.